Legal perceptions and the strengthening of human rights in the criminal justice system of Nuevo León, Mexico
Keywords:
Human rights, Due process, Adequate defense, Nuevo León, Mandatory pretrial detention, Mexican criminal justice systemAbstract
Objective: This article analyzes human rights violations committed against defendants within the criminal justice system of the State of Nuevo León, Mexico. Justification: From a structural legal perspective, this study examines the gap between the legal framework guaranteeing rights, as recognized by the Constitution and international treaties, and the institutional reality that confronts defendants with procedural practices that violate fundamental principles of due process, adequate defense, and the presumption of innocence. Methodology: The study employs a quantitative, descriptive, and explanatory methodology, based on questionnaires administered to criminal law and human rights professionals. Results: The findings reveal that the deficient implementation of the adversarial criminal justice system, the continued use of mandatory pretrial detention, and the weakness of public defense mechanisms create a context of procedural inequality and systematic violations of judicial guarantees. Conclusions: The analysis concludes that the legal reforms undertaken since 2008 have been insufficient to ensure effective protection of the human rights of defendants. It proposes to strengthen the training of judicial operators, review the constitutionality of mandatory pretrial detention, and consolidate judicial control mechanisms that guarantee independence and institutional accountability.
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